Kakapo
The Transport Divide
In transit

The Transport Divide

Getting around a city and walking around it are two different risks. In Johannesburg the transport network scores 27 points safer than the streets; in Kathmandu the streets score 20 points safer than getting around. We measured the gap for 961 cities — and it runs mostly one way: take the metro, mind the walk.

Key findings — free to cite

In Johannesburg the transport network scores 27 points higher than the streets around it — the widest "safe metro, risky pavement" gap of any major city. In Kathmandu, it flips: the streets score 20 points higher than getting around.

  • Across 961 world cities, how safe you are getting around and how safe you are on the street are routinely far apart — the average city splits them by 4.6 points, and the widest gaps top 25.
  • The divide runs mostly one way: transport scores higher than the street in 70% of cities. A well-run metro is one of the safest places in a rough city — Johannesburg, Cape Town, São Paulo, Barcelona and Paris all score far better on transit than on the pavement above it.
  • The reverse — calm streets, risky transport — is rarer and smaller, and it clusters in places where the roads and informal transit are the real hazard: Kathmandu, Havana, Accra, Bali. The danger there isn't a mugger; it's the traffic, the scooter or the mountain road.
  • The traveller takeaway is concrete: in "transit-wins" cities the advice is take the metro, mind the walk; in "streets-win" cities it's the wander is fine — respect the ride.
  • Only possible because Kakapo scores transport and personal street safety separately — a split no other travel-safety index publishes.

Getting around and walking around are not the same risk

Most safety advice treats a city as a single number. But "is the subway safe?" and "is the street safe?" have genuinely different answers, and Kakapo scores them separately. Compute the gap for every city and it's clear the two rarely match: the average city separates its transport and street scores by 4.6 points, and at the extremes the gap tops 25 — big enough to change how you should actually move through the place.

Where the transit is the safe way through

This is the common case — transport outscores the street in 70% of cities — and it produces the widest gaps in the whole dataset. A modern, staffed, camera-covered metro is often the single safest environment in a city with rough streets. Johannesburg and Cape Town lead by a mile; big Western capitals show the same shape, where the pickpocket-and-scam risk lives on the pavement, not the platform.

CityThe textureTransportPersonalGap
Johannesburg, South AfricaGautrain is calm; the streets around it are not5124+27 transit
Cape Town, South AfricaMyCiTi buses far outrank walking the CBD5732+25 transit
San Francisco, United StatesBART and Muni beat the sidewalks in parts7657+19 transit
Chicago, United StatesThe 'L' is steadier than some street blocks7556+19 transit
São Paulo, BrazilThe metro is an island of order5839+19 transit
Barcelona, SpainSlick metro, pickpocket-heavy streets7860+18 transit
Washington, United StatesClean Metro, uneven streets7860+18 transit
Paris, FranceThe Métro outperforms the pavement above it8164+17 transit
Manchester, United KingdomTrams tidy; some streets less so8467+17 transit
Mexico City, MexicoMetro and Metrobús beat the street average5943+16 transit
New York City, United StatesThe subway edges out the sidewalk7963+16 transit
London, United KingdomThe Tube is the safe way through8569+16 transit
How to read the gap: "+17 transit" means the transport score is 17 points above the street score — getting around is the safer half of the trip. The practical move in these cities is to ride rather than walk the sketchy stretch, and to keep your usual pickpocket guard on the street, not on the train.

Where the street is calm and the journey is the risk

The rarer, more counter-intuitive divide runs the other way: places that feel relaxed on foot but where getting around is the weak link. Here the hazard isn't street crime — it's chaotic traffic, unregulated taxis, informal minibuses, rented scooters and mountain roads. Kathmandu is the sharpest example; the pattern repeats across South and Southeast Asia and parts of Latin America and West Africa.

CityThe textureTransportPersonalGap
Kathmandu, NepalCalm to walk; the roads and rides are the danger4060−20 streets
Havana, CubaSafe streets, patchy and improvised transport5163−12 streets
Accra, GhanaFriendly on foot, risky tro-tro and taxi rides4152−11 streets
Bali, IndonesiaMellow to walk; scooter roads are the risk6169−8 streets
Hanoi, VietnamThe Old Quarter is calm; the traffic is not6269−7 streets
Colombo, Sri LankaEasy streets, weaker road and rail safety5561−6 streets
Cusco, PeruSafe old town, hair-raising mountain roads5053−3 streets
How to read the gap: "−20 streets" means the street score is 20 points above the transport score — the walk is the safe part. In these cities the wander is fine; the risk is the ride, so it's worth paying up for a reputable driver, wearing the helmet, and treating the road itself as the thing to respect.

How we measured it

Every Kakapo city score breaks into sub-scores; two of them are transport (safety of getting around — metro, bus, taxi, road) and personal (daytime street safety from crime). We took the 961 world cities with both sub-scores populated, kept one row per city (largest by population) and excluded New York's boroughs to avoid double-counting, then computed transport minus personal for each. We surfaced the widest divergences in both directions and hand-selected the tables down to destinations a traveller recognises. This is deliberately a city-experience cut — distinct from our airport-focused Layover Trap, which compares overall safety with transport for transit hubs. Full weighting is at https://kakapo.travel/about/methodology. Scores are comparative model estimates, not crime or crash statistics.

Cite this study

Free to cite in journalism, research or content — all we ask is a link back. Copy the attribution below:

Ready-to-use citation
Kakapo Editorial Team (2026). The Transport Divide: Cities Where Getting Around Is Far Safer (or Riskier) Than the Streets. Kakapo. https://kakapo.travel/blog/transport-divide-2026

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Kakapo publishes real safety scores for every destination, drawing on national travel advisories, local crime data, healthcare infrastructure, and night-safety measures. Kakapo Studies is our research imprint — independent editorial, no advertiser influence on scores. Contact: [email protected].